The metrics that evaluates a player's performance more accurately than his averages.

The common notation for per-minute ratings is using per 40 minute stats.

Per minutes ratings are calculated by taking the player's total in any category (points, rebounds, assists, etc.) divided by total minutes played.

Personal Foul Efficiency measures ratio of steals plus blocks to personal fouls. Indicates how efficiently a player forces turnovers, removing the bias of jump-happy or slaptastic players who accumulate deceptive block or steal totals.

The metric that which boils down all of a player's contributions into one number. John Hollinger's formula adds positive stats and subtracts negative ones through a statistical point value system.

For more information about PER Calculation visit basketball-reference

A player's non-scoring possessions would be his missed field goals, plus free throws that weren't rebounded by his team, plus his turnovers.

Non-Scoring Possessions Formula=(Player's Field Goal Attempts)-Player's Field Goal Made)+0.4*(Free Throw Attempts)+(Player's Turnovers)

A player's scoring possessions would be his field goals that weren't assisted on, plus a certain percentage of his field goals that were assisted on, plus a certain percentage of his assists, plus his free throws made.

Scoring Possessions Formula=(Field Goals Made) - 0.37*(Field Goals Made)*Q/R + 0.37*(Player Assists) + 0.5*(Free Throws Made)

where;

Q=5*(Player Minutes)*(Team Assist Total)/(Team Total Minutes)-(Player Assists) 
R=5*(Player Minutes)*(Team Field Goals Made)/(Team Minutes)-(Player Assists)

The metric that represents a player's total possessions in the game. In other words,a player's total possessions is the total number of how many times he ends his team's possession.

Player's Total Possessions Formula=(Player's Scoring Possessions)+(Player's Non-Scoring Possessions)=(Player Field Goal Attempts)-(Player Missed Shots)*(Team Offensive Rebounding Percentage)+0.37*(Player Assists)-0.37*(Field Goals Made)*Q/R+(Player Turnovers)+0.4*(Player Free Throw Attempts)

Where;

Q=5*(Player Minutes)*(Team Assist Total)/(Team Total Minutes)-(Player Assists)
R=5*(Player Minutes)*(Team Field Goals Made)/(Team Minutes)-(Player Assists)
 

The plus-minus, a.k.a. +/-, simply keeps track of the net changes in score when a given player is either on or off the court.

NBA.com has been publishing plus-minus values in official box scores since 2007-2008 season.

Since the invention of basic plus minus, the plus-minus technique has been developed in order to get more accurate results. At the moment, there are 4 advanced plus minus metrics that derived from basic one.

• Net Plus-Minus (NPM)
• Adjusted Plus-Minus (APM)
• Statistical Plus-Minus (SPM)
• Regularized Adjusted Plus-Minus (RAPM)

Points created is a metric that evaluates overall player performance.

It comprises all current primary and secondary statistical categories: points, rebounds, assists, steals, blocked shots, missed shots (both field goals and free throws), turnovers, and personal fouls.

Points Created= PTS + AST * (2-VBP) + (REB + STL + BLK) * VBP -(FGMiss + FTMiss + TOV) * VBP – 0.5 * VBP * PF
VBP = the value of ball possession is league’s average points per 100 possessions.

It measures overall performance rather than a single skill (such as shooting) or set of skills (such as shooting, rebounding, and shot-blocking). Therefore, the result is a clear composite of a team or player's total performance.

Points Produced is a measure of player's offensive contribution. "Points produced" metric has been considered more important than the "points scored".

A player produces points through made shots, assists, and offensive rebounds. The number of points produced by the various methods depends on the actual number of points scored and the importance of the player's contribution.

The "Win Score" metric that takes player's "primary position played" into account.

PAWS=Position Adjusted Win Score=[(PAWS48/48)*Minutes]

PAWS48 =PAWS per 48 minutes=[WS48 – Average WS48 at primary position played]

WS48 =Win Score per 48 minutes